Volume VI Issue II - Indian Journal of Integrated Research in Law

Volume - VI Issue - II

Sub-Classification Of SCs And STs In Reservation Policies: An Analysis Considering Supreme Court Jurisprudence

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Bijoy Biswas, Law Student, National Law University of Odisha, Cuttack

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A1

Page: 01-14

Exploring Legal Liability In Automated And Algorithm-Based Financial Markets

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ujjwal Kumar, Symbiosis Law School, Nagpur

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A2

Page: 15-38

Marine Insurance Law In Developing Vs Developed Maritime Nations: A Comparative Legal Analysis Of India And Japan

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mrnal Madhulika, LLM, KIIT School of Law, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A3

Page: 39-61

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence For Judicial Efficiency: Opportunities, Ethical Challenges, And Future Implications With A Focus On The Indian Judiciary In A Global Context

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr. Chandra KishoreYadav

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A4

Page: 62-79

Safeguarding Liberty: A Critical Analysis Of Preventive Detention Under COFEPOSA

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Nikita Dahiya, LL.M. (Criminal Law), Amity Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A5

Page: 80-91

Beyond The Algorithm: How India's New Labour Codes Leave Women Gig Workers Unprotected From Sexual Harassment

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ananya Sharma, Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University, Lucknow

Jonnalagadda Harshini, Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University, Lucknow

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A6

Page: 92-102

From Terrorist Acts To Terrorist Thought: Criminalising Intent Under The UAPA Regime

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Vaishali Shree Sai, PES University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A7

Page: 103-113

Corporate Governance Failures In Indian Banks: Lessons From Recent Banking Scams

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Rumi Roy, LL.M. (Corporate and Commercial Laws), KIIT School of Law, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A8

Page: 114-140

Green Banking And Sustainable Finance: Legal And Regulatory Framework In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Pranab Kumar Chowdhury, LL.M., (Corporate and Commercial Laws), KIIT School of Law, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A9

Page: 141-162

Contractual Gatekeeping: Substantive Control And The Evolving Law Of Agency In The E-Commerce Ecosystem

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Inchara V Basri, PES University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A10

Page: 163-176

Most Favoured Nation Clauses: Empowering Indian Sellers In The Digital Marketplace

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Garv Bishnoi, B.B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) Jindal Global Law School

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A11

Page: 177-183

Lost Generation: Devastating Impact Of Narco-Drugs On Youth

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Lakshay Dahiya, LL.M. (Criminal Law), Amity Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A12

Page: 184-192

Insurance Protection For Private Creditors Under The Insolvency And Bankruptcy Code: Interplay Between Banking And Insurance Laws

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Riddhi Naskar, School of Law, KIIT University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A13

Page: 193-211

Addressing Judicial Inconsistency Through A Codified Test For Veil Piercing

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Rithika. V, School of Law, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Nithyasri. S, School of Law, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A14

Page: 212-226

Privacy, Power, and Pedagogy: Addressing Data Exploitation and the Digital Divide in Indian Universities

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Deeksha Pandey, Research Scholar, Institute of Legal Studies, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow- Deva Road, Barabanki-225003, Uttar Pradesh, India

Anand Kumar, Assistant Professor, Institute of Legal Studies, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow- Deva Road, Barabanki-225003, Uttar Pradesh, India.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A15

Page: 227-259

Unveiling Shadows: Blueprint For A Proactive Shell Company Detection Framework

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mahalakshmi D., LLB, , Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Selma G.S., Assistant Professor, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A16

Page: 260-274

Dignity Over Duration: Supreme Court Permits Withdrawal Of Treatment In Landmark Passive Euthanasia Ruling

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Naman Dudhoria, Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A17

Page: 275-282

Globalization And Trans-National Legal Order And Their Impact On Laws And Policy Relating To Patents In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Saumya Sakshi, S.K.J. Law College, Muzaffarpur, Bihar

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A18

Page: 283-298

Corporate Exit And Judicial Efficiency: Minimizing Procedural Delays In Winding Up Under The Companies Act 2013

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Selma G.S., Asst. Professor, School of Law, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Akshal. M, Student, School of Law, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Vishnu Varthani. M, Student, School of Law, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A19

Page: 299-314

Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Comparative Study Of Statutory And Judicial Trends In The USA, UK And India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Himanshi Ahuja, Delhi Metropolitan Education, GGSIPU

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A20

Page: 315-328

Gaps In International Trade Law: Trade Restrictions As An Undue Advantage

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Lakshmi Chandana, Army Institute of Law, Mohali

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A21

Page: 329-334

Algorithmic Influence And Consumer Protection: Legal Challenges Of Generative Ai In Digital Markets

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Riya Das, LLM, National Law University and Judicial Academy, Assam

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A22

Page: 335-349

Sexual Harassment Of Women Prisoners In India: A Critical Analysis Of The Legal Framework

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ishita Biswas, Law College Durgapur, Rajbandh, West Bengal, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A23

Page: 350-370

Live-In Relationships And Their Legal Status In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Drashti Chavda, KES Shri J.H. Patel Law College.

Nehal Sharma, KES Shri J.H. Patel Law College.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A24

Page: 371-379

A Critique Of Indian Approach To Data Protection And AI In The Global Digital Order

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Rethiga Ramesh, Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, SOEL, Chennai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A25

Page: 380-395

Bail Is The Rule, Jail Is The Exception: A Critical Analysis Of Bail Jurisprudence In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Soumitra Dash, KES JP Law College, Mumbai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A26

Page: 396-405

From Norms To Compliance: Rethinking Enforcement Of Icc Orders And Decrees

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Arundhati Parida, LLM, Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University, Visakhapatnam

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A27

Page: 406-428

Silence As Sanction: A Constitutional Critique Of The Marital Rape Exception In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Rishabh Mishra, Indore Institute of Law

Lokeshwari Patidar, Indore Institute of Law

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A28

Page: 429-445

Reconceptualizing Data Privacy As A Fundamental Right: A Constitutional And Cyber Law Interface In The Digital Age

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Omkar Acharya, Fakir Mohan University, PG Department of Law, Januganj, Balasore, Odisha, India

Shibanee Acharya, Fakir Mohan University, PG Department of Law, Januganj, Balasore, Odisha, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A29

Page: 446-466

Criminal Prosecution And Legal Framework Under UAPA, 1967: A Study Of The Role Of The National Investigation Agency

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Aditi Chandra, Amity Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A30

Page: 467-476

Artificial Intelligence And The Future Of International Arbitration: The Rise Of The 'Digital Arbitrator'

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mr. Arnav Mishra, BBA LLB (Hons.), School of Law, Christ University, Lavasa campus, Pune, Maharashtra

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A31

Page: 477-489

AI And Law: Transforming The Legal System In The Era Of Artificial Intelligence

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Bhumika Kiran Dubey, KES’s Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A32

Page: 490-504

Transgender Rights In India And The United States: A Comparative Legal Study

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shreya Atri, Amity University, Lucknow, India

Dr. Reshma Umair, Associate Professor, Amity University, Lucknow, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A33

Page: 505-518

From Ethics To Regulation: Reframing Corporate Social Responsibility As A Legal-Governance Hybrid

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Fiza Kaynat, Department of Legal Studies, Jharkhand Rai University, Raja Ulatu, Namkum, Ranchi

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A34

Page: 519-538

Behind Bars And Beyond Diagnosis: Mental Health Laws, Gaps, And The Invisible Crisis Of Women In Indian Prisons

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shubhanshi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Law, St. Mother Teresa Law Degree College, Lucknow

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A35

Page: 539-549

Sexual Violence: A Comprehensive Global Framework

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Aryaman Miglani, Symbiosis Law School, Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A36

Page: 550-569

Protecting Human Dignity: The Manipur Parading Incident & Its Legal Trajectory

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Aparajita Singh, Symbiosis Law School, Pune

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A37

Page: 560-576

The Role Of Warranty In Marine Insurance Under The Marine Insurance Act, 1963: A Critical Study

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Chinnu Saju, LLM, Government Law College, Ernakulam, Kerala, India

Anjala Nazrin Subair, LLM, Government Law College, Ernakulam, Kerala, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A38

Page: 577-588

From Evergreening To Ever-Predicting: Recasting Section 3(D) For AI-Assisted Pharmaceutical Innovation

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Pranava Shah, Maharashtra National Law University, Mumbai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A39

Page: 589-595

Restorative Justice In The Digital Era: AI-Assisted Mediation And Its Ethical Challenges

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sonali Debbarma, Research Scholar, Faculty of Law, ICFAI University, Tripura Kamalghat, Mohanpur, West Tripura

Dr. Mousumi Kalita, Assistant Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, ICFAI University, Tripura

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A40

Page: 596-606

Legal Framework Governing Combinations In India: An Analytical Study Of Sections 5 And 6 Of The Competition Act, 2002

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Prerna Garg, LL.M., Panjab University, Chandigarh

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A41

Page: 607-619

Drafting Defects In Arbitration Clauses In India: A Critical Analysis Of Judicial Trends

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ria Dalmia, Dhirubhai Ambani University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A42

Page: 620-632

Teachers’ Role In The Metaverse Era: Ethical Considerations And Responsibilities

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr. Aditi Sharma, School of Law, Mody University

Prof. (Dr.) Satish Shastri, Seedling School of Law and Governance, Jaipur National University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A43

Page: 633-646

Software Patents: A Global Phenomenon, Balancing Innovation And Exclusion In The Digital Era

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shwetha Sunil Nambiar, LLM (IPR), Maharashtra National Law University, Mumbai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A44

Page: 647-673

Evaluating The Application Of Fair Use And Fair Dealing Principles In The Context Of Training Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Models

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shwetha Sunil Nambiar, LLM (IPR), Maharashtra National Law University, Mumbai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A45

Page: 674-689

The Great Indian IPO Rush In Light Of The 2025 SEBI ICDR Amendments

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shivam Jha, Campus Law Centre, University of Delhi

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A46

Page: 690-701

From Tradition To Regulation: A Legal Analysis Of Ayurveda In Contemporary Healthcare

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr. Gopika Chakkingal, Research Assistant, Jayadev Memorial Rashtrotthana Hospital and Research Centre, Bengaluru

Adv. Ranjith Thalur, Manager – Legal, GCS, Mylan Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A47

Page: 702-721

Digital Arrest Scams And The Constitutional Right To Personal Liberty Under Article 21 - A Critical Analysis

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Roshani Pal, LL.M., Atal Bihari Vajpayee School of Legal Studies, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur

Lalit Shukla, LL.M., Atal Bihari Vajpayee School of Legal Studies, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpu

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A48

Page: 722-733

Beyond The Exception: Constitutional, International, And Socio-Psychological Dimensions Of Criminalizing Marital Rape In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sumit Thakurjee Prasad, BALLB, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, University of Mumbai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A49

Page: 734-750

Changing Scenarios Of Economic Interest Of The Spouses In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ritika Malhotra, Department of Laws, Panjab University, Chandigarh

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A50

Page: 751-803

The Income-Tax Act, 2025 And Rules, 2026: A Structural, Procedural And Compliance Analysis

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mayank Varshney, LLB, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Mumbai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A51

Page: 804-817

Deepfakes And The Evidentiary Void: Challenges In Authenticating AI-Generated Evidence Under The Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Nikitha Kotteswaran, SRM University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A52

Page: 818-827

Post–Social Security Code Realities: A Critical Analysis Of Legal Protection For Gig Workers

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

S Aboorva, Student, VELS Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), School of Law.

T Saroja Devi, Assistant Professor, VELS Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), School of Law.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A53

Page: 828-844

Scope Of Electronic Evidence: Digital Forensics, Data Integrity, And Technological Frontiers

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mridul Bhatt, LL.M. (Cyber and Security Law), ICFAI University Dehradun, Uttarakhand

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A54

Page: 845-872

Gun-Jumping In Indian M&A: Reassessing The Penalty Framework Under The Competition (Amendment) Act, 2023

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Siddhi Jain, Department of Law, Prestige Institute of Management and Research, Indore

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A55

Page: 873-892

Licensing The Self: Reining In Contractual Exploitation Of Digital Persona In India’s Platform And Creator Economy

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Deepansh Jain, LLM, Christ (Deemed to be University), Delhi NCR

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A56

Page: 893-916

Chains Unbroken: The Continuing Crisis Of Bonded Labour In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sheeza Afrin Khan, B.A.LL.B. (Hons.) Faculty of Law, Jamia Millia Islamia

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A57

Page: 917-937

Protecting The Pattern: Anti-Dissection, Family Of Marks, And The Uneasy Emergence Of 'Idea Infringement' In Wow! Momo Foods Pvt Ltd V. Wow Burgers

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Anshika Singh, B.A. LL.B. (Hons.), Rajshree Law College, Bareilly

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A58

Page: 938-948

Balancing Flexibility With Welfare: Recognition Of Gig Workers Under The Social Security Code, 2020

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mitali Chauhan, LL.B. (Hons.), University of Allahabad

Mitali Sinha, LL.B. (Hons.), University of Allahabad

Bhartendu Vimal, LL.B. (Hons.), University of Allahabad

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A59

Page: 949-957

The IBC–FEMA Intersection: Compliance Complexities In The Liquidation Of Foreign-Held Indian Subsidiaries

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Vinothini S, LL.B., Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Selma G.S., Assistant Professor, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

Keerthana R, LL.B., Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A60

Page: 958-971

Data Privacy In India: A Critical Analysis Of The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Drashti Mehta, KES’ Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College, Mumbai

Ami Bhandari, KES’ Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College, Mumbai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A61

Page: 972-978

The Moral Architecture Of Duty: Bridging Liberal Justice And Dharma-Based Jurisprudence

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

R.K. Murali, Banaras Hindu University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A62

Page: 979-999

Dilution Of The Right To Strike Under The Industrial Relations Code, 2020: A Threat To Collective Bargaining

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Yuvika Garg, Manav Rachna University, Faridabad

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A63

Page: 1000-1009

Shebaitship As Heritable Property: A Succession-Centric Reappraisal Of Divine Personhood And Gender Identity Under Hindu Law

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Tejaswini R., LL.B., National Law University Odisha, Cuttack

Asmi, LL.B., National Law University Odisha, Cuttack

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A64

Page: 1010-1028

The Arbitration And Conciliation Act, 1996: A Framework For Resolving Investor-State Tax Disputes

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Kishori Goswami, Amity University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A65

Page: 1029-1038

Tryst At Midnight: Governor’s Discretion On Appointment Of Chief Minister And Judicial Oversight

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Suhail Farooq Khan, Assistant Professor of Law, KCEF Law College, Pulwama

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A66

Page: 1039-1049

Liberty On Trial: A Critical Study Of Bail Jurisprudence Under PMLA

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Suraj Kumar, Research Scholar at Chanakya National Law University, Patna

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A67

Page: 1050-1066

Women’s Rights In India: Challenges And Social Transformation

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Zalak Ajit Limbachiya, KES' Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A68

Page: 1067-1081

The Illusion Of Equality: Women’s Night Shifts And Structural Vulnerability Under The OSH Code

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sakthi P, B.B.A.LL.B. (Hons.), School of Excellence in Law, The Tamil Nadu Dr Ambedkar Law University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A69

Page: 1082-1099

Electronic Evidence In Matrimonial Disputes Post BSA: Towards A Victim Centric Approach

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Padmavathi Narayanan, Bakersfield Christian High School

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A70

Page: 1100-1108

Trial Of Juveniles As Adults: Legal Loopholes And Risks Of Arbitrary Decision-Making

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Raghuveer Singh, Advocate, High Court of Judicature, Allahabad, Lucknow Bench

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A71

Page: 1109-1128

The Right To Die With Dignity: Euthanasia In India And The Limits Of Constitutional Morality

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Lynn Dias, B.A. LL.B., KES Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College, Kandivali, Maharashtra

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A72

Page: 1129-1134

Legislative Evolution: IPC 1860 To BNS 2023

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Kishori Goswami, Amity University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A73

Page: 1135-1146

Shifting Dynamics In Commercial Disputes: The Dawn Of The Modern Dispute Resolution Paradigm

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shreyee Tarafdar, Amity Law School, Lucknow

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A74

Page: 1147-1165

Evaluation Of SEBI'S Regulatory Framework For Artificial Intelligence In Securities Markets

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Kavidharani R, Presidency University, Bengaluru

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A75

Page: 1166-1188

Electronic Evidence In Matrimonial Disputes Post BSA: Towards A Victim Centric Approach

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Padmavathi Narayanan, Bakersfield Christian High School

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A76

Page: 1189-1197

Case Analysis: The State Of Tamil Nadu V. The Governor Of Tamil Nadu & Anr. [W.P. (Civil) No. 1239 Of 2023]

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Gayathry S Nair, Christ University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A77

Page: 1198-1207

Bridging Borders, Protecting Childhood: A Comparative Legal Analysis Of Intercountry Adoption In India And The United States

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

V Ashwini, Student at VELS Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), School of Law.

T Saroja Devi, Assistant Professor at VELS Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), School of Law.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A78

Page: 1208-1226

Governing The Ungoverned: A Comparative Analysis Of Data Protection Regimes In South Asia Through The Lens Of Digital Sovereignty, Consent Architecture, And Constitutional Guarantees

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Akhil Sajeev, Assistant Professors, School of Law, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India

Anusree J, Assistant Professors, School of Law, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A79

Page: 1227-1238

Algorithmic Linguistic Centralism: A Socio-Legal Critique Of Automated Content Moderation Under The 2026 It Rules Through The Lens Of Article 29

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sabhyta, LLM, Christ University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A80

Page: 1239-1256

Shifting Dynamics In Commercial Disputes: The Dawn Of The Modern Dispute Resolution Paradigm

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shreyee Tarafdar, Amity Law School, Lucknow

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A81

Page: 1257-1275

Ground Reality Of India’s Data Protection Regime: Compliance Challenges After The DPDP Rules, 2025

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Rakshit Sharma, Amity University, Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A82

Page: 1276-1295

Dark Patterns In Indian Apps

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Farheen Ansari, KES Shri Jayantilal H Patel Law College

Saniya Shaikh, KES Shri Jayantilal H Patel Law College

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A83

Page: 1296-1312

The Algorithmic Mirage: Re-Evaluating ‘Informed Consent’ In The Age Of Generative AI And Predictive Personalization

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Adutiya Jha, Symbiosis Law School, Nagpur

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A84

Page: 1313-1332

Illusory Consent In The Digital Age: A Psychological And Legal Analysis Of Dark Patterns

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Rakshit Sharma, Amity University, Noida.

Prof. Aditi Sharma, Department of Psychology, Amity University, Jharkhand.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A85

Page: 1333-1349

The Paradox Of Valuation In Indian Competition Law: Antitrust Oversight, Market Contestability, And Predatory Acquisitions

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Vaishnavi Bane, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Mumbai.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A86

Page: 1350-1359

The Silent Contract: Emotional Labour Of Women In Indian Families

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shreyashri Vishakha Vivek Pawar, BALLB, KES’ Shri Jayantilal H. Patel College of Law

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A87

Page: 1360-1372

Fundamental Rights And Labour Rights: Conflict And Harmony In The Constitutional Adjudication

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Anmol Kumar, Lovely Professional University, Punjab

Sneha Sharma, Lovely Professional University, Punjab

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A88

Page: 1373-1385

Private Security Contractors In High-Risk Waters: Legal Accountability And Jurisdiction In The Hormuz Chokepoint

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mayank A. Chandra, Christ (Deemed to be University), Delhi-NCR

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A89

Page: 1386-1404

Gender Justice At Work: Evaluating Legal Safeguards For Women Workers Under India’s New Labour Codes

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Aazima Mohu-din, Research Scholar, University of Kashmir.

Dr. Aneeda Jan, Assistant Professor, Department of Lifelong Learning, University of Kashmir

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A90

Page: 1405-1417

Fidelity And Cybercrime: An Analysis Of Inclusivity Of Cybercrime Under Fidelity Guarantee Insurance In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Abhay A V, CMR University School of Legal Studies

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A91

Page: 1418-1427

Incorporating Interdisciplinary AI Agents For Antitrust Compliance In Digital Markets

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mayanaa G Reddy, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru

Yana Cauvery VM, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A92

Page: 1428-1441

Indian Reservation System: An Analysis

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Keshav Ranjan, Advocate on Record, Supreme Court of India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A93

Page: 1442-1449

Consent In Chains: The Malevolent Clickwrap That Enslaves Informed Consent In India's Tele-Health Trap

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mr. Bhalchandra Prakash Sonawane, LLM, Department of Law, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A94

Page: 1450-1464

When The Scales Tilt: Rethinking The Law–Justice Equation

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr. A. Senthilkumar, HoD, Department of Management, The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University

Dr. A. Vijayalakshmi, HoD, Department of Crime & Forensic Law, The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A95

Page: 1465-1478

Patents, Power, And Public Health: Trips-Plus Rules And Pharmaceutical Industrialisation In The Global South

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sargam Sharma, O.P. Jindal Global University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A96

Page: 1479-1488

Judicial Activism In The Arena Of Environmental Jurisprudence In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ritojit Dasgupta, Department of Law, University of Calcutta

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A97

Page: 1489-1502

Corporate Governance Standards Under Sebi Regulations

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sradha Shree Patro, Birla School of Law, Birla Global University

Aditya Khilari, Birla School of Law, Birla Global University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A98

Page: 1503-1532

Data And The State: A Constitutional Inquiry Into India’s Emerging Digital Governance Framework

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

K. Sowmya, LLB (Hons.), School of Excellence in Law, The Tamilnadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, Chennai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A99

Page: 1533-1550

Democratic Authority In The Age Of Global Economic Integration

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Meera Muraleedharan, Christ (Deemed to be) University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A100

Page: 1551-1559

India And Investment Arbitration: Politics, Public Interest And Investor Rights

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Manasvi Ranjan, B.A. LL.B. (Hons.), NMIMS' Kirit P. Mehta School of Law

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A101

Page: 1590-1605

The Protection Of Cultural Heritage In Armed Conflicts: A Case Study Of The Hague Convention

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Nanditha Gujarathi, Alliance University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A102

Page: 1606-1622

Intersectional Vulnerabilities: Human Rights Implications Of Internal, Cross-Border And Forced Migration

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Akshita Jain, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies (GGSIPU)

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A103

Page: 1623-1643

The Single Most Important Thing You Need To Know About Insider Trading As A Tool For Investment Protection Under Investment Law

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sarad Suvra Maity, Amity University Kolkata

Srija Poddar, Amity University Kolkata

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A104

Page: 1644-1655

Scientific Evidence In Criminal Justice: A Study With Special Reference To Narco-Analysis

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr Indra Daman Tiwari

Avinash Mishra

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A105

Page: 1656-1668

Expanding Scope Of Article 21: From Right To Life To Right To Die: A Critical Examination Of Indian Constitutional Law

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr. Avinash Mishra, Associate Professor, TRC Law College

Pooja Patel, LL.M Scholar, TRC Law College

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A106

Page: 1669-1680

Legal Dualism And The Madras Presidency: A Study In Colonial Jurisprudence And Spatial Control

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Chandan Kumar, National University of Study and Research in Law, Ranchi.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A107

Page: 1681-1693

The Historical Evolution Of Indian Patent Law: From Colonial Borrowing To Trips-Era Public Interest Safeguards

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Chandrashekhar, Research Scholar, Hidayatullah National Law University, Raipur

Dr. Ankit Awasthi, Assistant Professor, Hidayatullah National Law University, Raipur

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A108

Page: 1694-1709

The Creamy Layer And Scheduled Castes And Scheduled Tribes: A Constitutional Debate

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Swagata Kakoti, LLM, Amity University, Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A109

Page: 1710-1724

Crime Scene Management: A Critical Analysis Of Legal Frameworks, Policies, And Practical Challenges

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ashok K, School of Excellence in Law, Dr. Ambedkar University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A110

Page: 1725-1756

Custodial Torture And The Right Against Self-Incrimination: A Critical Analysis Under Indian Constitutional Jurisprudence

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Richa Kapoor, Amity University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A111

Page: 1757-1765

The Right To Privacy In India: Evolution, Scope And Contemporary Challenges

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Maher Dave, KES Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A112

Page: 1766-1788

Population Explosion And Control In India: Policies, Laws, And Constitutional Perspectives

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dipti Bansal, Department of Laws, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Dr. Babita Pathania, Department of Laws, Panjab University, Chandigarh

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A113

Page: 1789-1804

Digital Assets And The Law: A Cross-Jurisdictional Analysis Of Regulatory Frameworks

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Pranav M. Khatavkar, Founder, Lexentra

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A114

Page: 1805-1823

The Impact Of Social Media On Freedom Of Speech In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Prerana Shah, KES' Shri. Jayantilal H. Patel Law College

Bhoomi Patal, KES' Shri. Jayantilal H. Patel Law College

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A115

Page: 1824-1833

Underage Vehicle Accidents: A Growing Concern In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Kiya Prashant Kenia, B.A. LL.B., K.E.S Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A116

Page: 1834-1841

The Tension Between State Sovereignty And Pre-Emptive Self-Defence In Cyberspace Under International Law

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Tushar Singh, Research Scholar, Faculty of Law, University of Lucknow, Second campus, Jankipuram, Lucknow, U.P., India.

Himanshu, Research Scholar, Faculty of Law, Agra College, Agra (Ambedkar University Agra), U.P., India.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A117

Page: 1842-1852

Witch-Hunt Trials As A Precursor To Feminist Legal Reforms In The 21st Century: A Constitutional Study

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shreyosee Aich, Amity University, Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A118

Page: 1853-1870

Deepfakes And The Death Of Evidentiary Certainty: Rethinking Digital Proof In Indian Criminal Trials

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Jiya Jhaveri, NMIMS, Kirit P Mehta School of Law

Ishya Ramchandani, NMIMS, Kirit P Mehta School of Law

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A119

Page: 1871-1881

Navigating The Digital Afterlife: Addressing The Legal Void In Regulating Digital Assets In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Jayanthan V.T.S., B.B.A.LL.B., (Hons), Sastra Deemed University, Tanjore, Tamil Nadu, India.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A120

Page: 1882-1911

The Ghost In The Machine Liability: Criminal Responsibility Of Creators For AI Avatar Misconduct Under The National Creator Economy Bill, 2026 And The IT

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Arpit Yadav, ICFAI University, Dehradun

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A121

Page: 1912-1921

Evaluating The Impact Of The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 On Fatal Road Accident Rates In India: A Pre-Post Empirical Analysis

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ms Kritika Goyal

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A122

Page: 1922-1937

Military Justice And Natural Justice In India: An Empirical Study Of Reported Court-Martial Cases Since Independence

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sannidhya Singh Bartwal

Paridhi Roy

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A123

Page: 1938-1951

India’s Organized Traffickers: Unravelling The Hidden Structures Of Exploitation

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shubham Srivastava, Research Scholar, Faculty of Law, Shia PG College, University of Lucknow

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A124

Page: 1952-1963

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023: A Logical Shift From The Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Nikita Mishra, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A125

Page: 1964-1973

A Critical Analysis Of Laws Dealing With Misleading Advertisements In The Digital Era: A Comparison Of India, China And USA Laws

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Supriya, Amity Law School, Noida, AUUP

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A126

Page: 1974-1989

Child Sexual Abuse Under The Protection Of Children From Sexual Offences Act, 2012

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Lokashruti Ganesan, KES Shri Jayantilal H Patel Law College

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A127

Page: 1990-2000

Asylum Seekers In India: Constitutional, Legal And Policy Aspects

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Leesa Khatki, National Institute of Securities Market

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A128

Page: 2001-2006

Implementation Of The Posh Act In India: Ground Reality

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Rama Dutt, Head of Department, Harlal School of Law, Greater Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A129

Page: 2007-2026

Perpetuity Rule: Rigidity And Reform In India: A Doctrinal And Comparative Study

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Rishika Naha, B.A. LL.B. (Hons.), IILM University, Greater Noida

Swastika Singh, B.A. LL.B. (Hons.), IILM University, Greater Noida

Avantika Sahni, B.A. LL.B. (Hons.), IILM University, Greater Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A130

Page: 2027-2049

Green Jurisprudence: Environmental Constitutionalism In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Nakshatra Singh, BBA LLB (Hons.), Amity Law School, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A131

Page: 2050-2061

A Legal Exploration Of Tourism Impacts On Indigenous Communities In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Jeevishaa S, Assistant Professor, Vel Tech School of Law, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A132

Page: 2062-2098

Forest Rights And Environmental Protection In Ecologically Sensitive Regions: A Doctrinal Study Of Northeast India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Mrs. Anindita Saha, Research Scholar, Faculty of Law, ICFAI University, Tripura

Dr. Zigisha Pujari, Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, ICFAI University, Tripura

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A133

Page: 2099-2110

Orientalism To Digital Architectures: Engineering The Equation Of Westernization And Modernisation In Global Media

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Monisa Mansoor, Christ University, Pune Lavasa

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A134

Page: 2111-2120

From Voluntary Corporate Responsibility To Statutory Enforcement: A Doctrinal Study Of CSR Under Section 135 Of The Companies Act, 2013

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Akshita Mudgal, LLM, Jagannath University, Jaipur

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A135

Page: 2121-2142

Sovereign Gold Bonds And The Misclassification Issue In NPS Regulation

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Sree Nanda K, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A136

Page: 2143-2151

From Exploitation To Stewardship: An Indigenous Tripartite Framework For Achieving SDGs 13, 14, And 15

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr. Avinash Mishra

Pushpendra Chandra Tiwari

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A137

Page: 2152-2163

The Myth Of Implied Consent: Marriage And Right To Refuse

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Zalak Chande, KES Shri Jayantilal H Patel Law College, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A138

Page: 2164-2174

Decriminalisation And Corporate Accountability In India: A Critical Study Of The Corporate Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2026

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Archa Anil, CSI College for Legal Studies, Kanakkary, Kottayam.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A139

Page: 2175-2183

The Unrecognised Crime - Marital Rape: A Critical Examination Of Legal Frameworks In India

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shanmugapandiyan G, Tamilnadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, Chennai

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A140

Page: 2184-2198

Blockchain-Enabled Product Audit Trails As A Regulatory Response To Hawala-Linked Trade-Based Money Laundering

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shubhada Patil, Quantace Research

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A141

Page: 2199-2211

IP Infringement Grants An Automatic Pass From Mediation In Novenco V. Xero: The Statutory Intersection Of Section 12A And Proprietary Right

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Anjali Sharma, Bishop Cotton Women’s Christian Law College, Bangalore.

Tamanna Huda Dania Inam, Bishop Cotton Women’s Christian Law College, Bangalore.

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A142

Page: 2212-2221

Climate Crisis At The Patent Counter: Can India Compulsorily License Green Technologies?

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ayushi Yadav, LL.B. (Hons), Amity University, Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A143

Page: 2222-2228

Navigating The Multidimensional IP Landscape: A Comprehensive Study Of Protection Strategies For Emerging Tech Startups

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Ashutosh Mishra, Indore Institute of Law

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A144

Page: 2229-2249

Board Of Directors: Structure And Consequences

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr Simranjeet Kaur, Assistant Professor, Amity Law School, Amity University, Mohali

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A145

Page: 2250-2265

Rape: Judicial Approach In India: A Comprehensive Doctrinal Analysis Of Evolving Legal And Constitutional Framework

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Vikas Chandila, B.A.LL.B. (Hons.), Amity Law School, Noida (India).

Shivani Bainsla, Faculty, Amity Law School, Noida

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A146

Page: 2266-2283

Legal Digitalization In Rural India: Pathways To Circular Economy And Agricultural Resilience

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Vandana Attri, Doctoral Research Fellow, Centre for Study of Law and Governance, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi – 110067, India

Reeta Sony A.L., Associate Professor, Centre for Study of Law and Governance, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi – 110067, India

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A147

Page: 2284-2290

Third-Party Funding In International Arbitration: Bridging India’s Regulatory Vacuum

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Shanvee Gahlaut, University School of Law and Legal Studies, GGSIPU, New Delhi

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A148

Page: 2291-2306

Incarcerated And Invisible: Unveiling The Rights Of Differently Abled Prisoners

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Dr. Vani Prakash, Assistant Professor, USLLS, GGSIP University

Deepanjali Kashyap, PhD Scholar, USLLS, GGSIP University

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A149

Page: 2307-2319

Data Protection And Gig Workers: A Doctrinal Inquiry Into Algorithmic Control, Privacy Rights, And Legal Accountability

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Vaibhav Khedkar, PhD, ABMS Parishad Yashwantrao Chavan Law College, Pune, Maharashtra

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A150

Page: 2320-2337

Case Analysis: A.P. Pollution Control Board V. Prof. M.V. Nayudu (Retd.) And Others (1999 (2) SCC 718)

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Princess Chopra, B.A. L.LB (Hons.), Institute of Legal Studies and Research, GLA University, Mathura

Divya Saraswat, B.A. L.LB (Hons.), Institute of Legal Studies and Research, GLA University, Mathura

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A151

Page: 2338-2346

The Punjab Deviation: A Multi-Dimensional Constitutional Challenge To The Jaagat Jot Sri Guru Granth Sahib Satkar (Amendment) Act, 2026

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Pushkar Bapatla, Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar

Vaibhav, Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A152

Page: 2347-2367

The Future Of Parole In India: Humanising Justice Through Reform And TechnologyThe Future Of Parole In India: Humanising Justice Through Reform And Technology

Author Name & Institutional Affiliation

Arifa Sultana Choudhury, Assistant Professor of Law, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru

Dr. Pallavi Sen, Assistant Professor of Law, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru

DOI: IJIRL/V6-I2/A153

Page: 2368-2383

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